Šibenik (Croatian pronunciation: [ʃîbeniːk] ( listen); Italian: Sebenico) is a historic city in Croatia, located in central Dalmatia where the river Krka flows into the Adriatic Sea. Šibenik is a political, educational, transport, industrial and tourist center of Šibenik–Knin County and also the third-largest city in the historic region of Dalmatia. It is the oldest native Croatian town on the shores of the sea.
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The fortress of Trosenj, situated on the right bank of the river Krka, belonged to the Croatian noblemen Subic Bribirski. It was constructed for controlling the bridge over the river Krka towards the Town of Necven, which was strategically very important.
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St. Nicholas' fortress is situated at the entrance to St. Anthony's channel, and it was constructed during the 16th century in order to protect the town from the Turkish attacks from the sea. It was built after the plans of the Venetian military architect Michelle Sammichelli. White stone was used for building the lower parts of the fortress and red stone for the upper parts. This fortress is one of the strongest maritime fortification architecture on the Croatian Coast of the Adriatic Sea.
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This locality was protected in 1974. The protected landscape of the Channel-Harbour encompasses the area from the Sibenik Bridge to the end of the Channel of St. Anthony, more precisely to the fortress of St. Nicholas with the accompanying surrounding sea area. No one has yet passed through the Channel of St. Anthony without experiencing awe at this rare sight of beauty. On the Sibenik side, at the start of the channel, stand the rules of old towers erected during the 16th century.
Approaching as we did by sea in a small cruiser you first get a sight of the formidable fortress which stands at the entrance to the narrow channel. Passing interesting rock formations and caves you gradually enter the harbour. All very, very impressive and no wonder would-be attackers failed totally to get in.
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The Cathedral of St James in Sibenik is a superb example of Gothic-Renaissance architecture, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2000. The building was begun 1431 and later supervised by Dalmatian master-builder Juraj Dalmatinac, in the Gothic Flamboyant style. Of particular note is his exterior frieze of 71 sculpted life-sized heads, each unique. From 1473 construction was under Nikola Firentinac in Tuscan Renaissance style, completed in 1536. The western facade has a Gothic portal framed by carved saints and surmounted by two rose windows. The Lions' Portal in the north facade features carvings of Adam and Eve and the apostles Peter and Paul, with bronze reliefs of scenes from the Old Testament. The interior is as magnificent as the exterior: the three-aisled nave has a double row of columns with Gothic capitals and arches, with a decorative frieze above and an outstanding gallery balustrade. High above the nave rose windows in an intricate shell and floral design are superb. The main alter is richly decorated and lit from a half-domed apse. Side altars are Baroque dating from the 17th and 18th centuries. The baptistery under the south apse contains exquisitely carved ceiling and font supported by three angels by Dalmatinac in the Gothic-Renaissance style. Brochures in several language describe the many artworks and architectural features inside the church. The cathedral is open from 9.30am-6.30pm, with an entry fee of 20 kuna (children free).
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The Small Renaissance Loggia is the only one left from the various similiar buildings in the town. It was used for public auctions and judical affairs. Its middle column was used as a column of shame against which the offenders of law were tried. Today it houses a small sounenier shop.
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The church of "Uspenie Bogomatere" was built on the location where the Templars lived in the 12th century. It is a Baroque building from the 17th - 18th century. Until the beginning of the 19th century it was the Catholic Church of Holy Salvation, and it belonged to the women's Benedictine monastery. In 1810, by Napoleon's decision, the church was surrendered to the Orthodox episcope Bendedikt Kraljevic. The church is accented with a Baroque bell tower from the beginning of the 18th century.
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The church of St. Barbara is a monument of gothic architecture. It is a single-naved church. The building of the church started at about 1400. Above the main entrance there is a gothic niche with a sculpture of St. Nicholas, the work of the Italian artist Bonino from Milan. Today there is a little museum in the church of St. Barbara, housing some very important art works from the period between the 14th and the 17th century.
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We stopped in this very beautiful square in Sibenik, with the Cathedral on one side and the Town Hall on the opposite side. Both buildings are ornate and beautiful and we enjoyed sitting in the café at the end of the Town Hall whiole enjoying the view over the square to the Cathedral.
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