Shymkent (Kazakh: Shymkent, شىمكەنت, known until 1993 as Chimkent (Uzbek: Чимкент, چىمكېنت; Russian: Чимкент, Čimkent), is the capital city of South Kazakhstan Region, the most densely populated region in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It is the third most populous city in Kazakhstan behind Almaty and Astana with an estimated population of 669,326 in 2015. A major railroad junction on the Turkestan-Siberia Railway, the city is also a notable cultural centre, with an international airport. Shymkent is situated 690 kilometres (430 mi) west of Almaty and 120 kilometres (75 mi) to the north of Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
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