The most populous (with 18 million people) and westernmost (bordering Belgium and the Netherlands) of Germany's federal states, North Rhine-Westphalia is one of Europe's most highly industrialized areas, with an impressive 30 cities of more than 100,000. Cologne is the district's biggest city, and the capital is Dusseldorf. Bonn, the former capital of West Germany, is also here. All three are part of the Rhine-Ruhr region of nearly 12 million people, one of Europe's biggest metropolitan areas.
Set on a pass between the northern and southern sections of the Teutoburg Forest, Bielefeld is home to about 325,000 people. Sparrenberg Castle, one of the main attractions, dates from the 13th century, as do the Altstädter Nicolaikirche (St. Nicholas' Church) and the Neustädter Marienkirche (St. Mary's Church). The city also figures prominently in the Bielefeld Conspiracy, a German internet joke that the town does not actually exist, but is rather an elaborate alien or government conspiracy.
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