Gaziantep (Turkish pronunciation: [ɡaːˈzianˌtep]), previously and still informally called Antep (pronounced [anˈtep]; Armenian: Այնթապ, Kurdish: Dîlok), is a city in the western part of Turkey's Southeastern Anatolia Region, some 185 kilometres (115 mi) east of Adana and 97 kilometres (60 mi) north of Aleppo, Syria. The city has two urban districts under its administration, Şahinbey and Şehitkamil. It is the sixth-most populous city in Turkey and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.
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Imagine you’re living in a sumptuous Roman villa, in the 2nd century AD, in the city of Zeugma ( close to Gaziantep in South Eastern Turkey ). Imagine the brilliant artists and mosaic makers who would cover the entire floor area of your villa with fabulous mosaics like these. Then, centuries pass, and these villas with all the wealth of their art works get buried. Fast forward to the 20th century when the whole district around Zeugma became a dam creating project to supply water to south eastern Turkey. As the area started to be flooded, archaeologists from all over the world rushed into Turkey to excavate the area as quickly as possible. And fortunately, they were just in time to save these fantastic mosaics for the world. So now, we can all go to the Zeugma Museum in the gorgeous city of Gaziantepe to gaze with wonder on these works. A very moving experience. Do go!
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Gaziantep Rumkale Gaziantep ilinin Yavuzeli ilçesinde kasaba köyünün yakınında bulunur Rumkale. Gaziantep’in şehir merkezine Yavuzeli ilçesinden uzak. Merzimen çayını Fırat nehrinin birleştiği noktada dik kayalıkların üzerindedir. Rumkale kasaba köyünün ve Halfetiden ulaşımı ise teknelerle çok kolay bir şekilde olabilir. Antik dönemden bulunduğumuz zamana kadar Şitamrat, Kal-a Rhomayta, Hromklay, Ranculat, Kal-at el Rum, Kal-at el Müslimin, Kale-i Zerrin (Altın Kale) ve en sonunda Rumkale gibi birçok değişik isimlerle adlandırılmıştır. Rumkale iki beden şeklindedir. Birinci bedeni kalenin doğu, Kuzey ve batı kısmına kayalığın dik bir şekilde yontulması bir şekilde oluşmuştur. İkinci bedeni doğal surun sert kalker kesme taşlarıyla sur duvarı olarak yapılmıştır. Gaziantep Rumkale bir zamanlar Halfeti(Şanlıurfa) ile Gaziantep aralarında sınır olan Fırat Nehrinin kıyısında yer almıştır. Merzimen çayının suyu Gaziantep Rumkale dibinde derin vadi içinde Fıra
RUMKALE (RUMKALE CASTLE) Rumkale, which is located within the boundaries of Nizip district of Gaziantep province, which is mentioned in the holy books, was established on the banks of the Euphrates, which has hosted hundreds of civilizations. tours are organized to the castle by highway from Gaziantep and by boats departing from Halfeti district over the water. Rumkale is approximately 120x230 meters in size and has an area of 2800 square meters. the castle was built of large cut stones.there are 2 entrance doors in the East and west direction.the north side is built with very strong walls.the only ground connection of the castle is provided through the moat located in the south direction.in order to prevent the capture of the castle by the enemy, the ditch, which was excavated at a size of 20x30 meters, was built in the 12th century. There is a mosque from the Ottoman period, an Armenian church (Saint Nerses church), an Assyrian monastery (Saint Barşavma monastery), an 80-meter deep spiral well, water structures and settlement remains in the castle. due to the birecik dam,whose construction was completed in 2000 on the Euphrates, the water level in halfeti, zeugma and rumkalede rose about 50 meters.the rising water level has made rumkale literally a peninsula. The castle was built on high cliffs at the junction of the Euphrates and Merziman rivers. the date of construction of the Rumkale is unknown. the first records we have mention a conquest of rumkale during the reign of the Great King shalmaneser III(858–824 BC) of the new Assyrian period. In 855 BC , III shalmaneser Bit-Adini set out to conquer the arami kingdom and conquered the city. The King's Ahunu escapes across the Firat River. III Shalmaneser follows him and surrounds the castle(mount). He says that the ahunu built the castle(sitamrat). Shalmaneser says that the castle, which he calls the Mount of Sitamrat, is the summit like clouds hanging from heaven. He says that he explored for 3 days and that he captured this mountain that no Assyrian king and ancestors could reach the summit before. he says that he cut off the heads of enemy soldiers and painted the mountain with their blood.he says that the King has surrendered and returned to asur with a great spoils of war. it is known that Rumkale again remained under the control of the ancient Commagene Kingdom for a certain period of time(BC 66-34). From antiquity to the present day, Şitamrat has been called by many names such as Kal-a Rhomayta, Hromklay, Ranculat, Kal-at El Rum, Kal-at el Muslimin and Kale-i Zerrin (Golden Castle). it is known that Yohanna, one of Jesus ' apostles, reproduced copies of the Bible in a cave in rumkale. rumkale was sold in 1150 to Catholicos Grigor III Pahlavuni (Gregory III of Cilicia) for 15,000 dahekan by the wife of jescolin, count of the crusader state of Edessa ( 1098-1150 AD).Grigor III moved the center of Catholicism here. Grigor III moved the center of Catholicism here. At the end of the 13th century, the castle was captured by the Mamluk sultan, malik el Ashraf. In the 16th century, the castle passed into the hands of the Ottomans. The church of Saint Nerses (poet saint nerses )in the castle was built in the 12th century by the Catholicos Nerses. The Yakubians(Syriac) Saint Barşavma monastery is dated to the 13th century. It is known that some large stone masses brought from arsemia, one of the ancient cities of the Commagene Kingdom, were used in temples in Rumkale. The deep spiral well going down to the Euphrates, which has a depth of approximately 80 meters, is an interesting place with the stairs made by carving the rocks. You will be really happy to visit the village with sunken minarets and an incredible boat tour on the Euphrates, which gives life to the lands where the civilizations mentioned in the holy books were born. We are waiting for you all to this historical castle, which will be opened to visitors this spring after a long restoration ... a magnificent history and natural wonder ... See you for an article about another topic and historical artifact ...
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Zeugma is a city established on the west bank of the Fırat River, an ancient and historical settlement.It lies in the center of the northern part of the area called today the fertile crescent. It is also located on the north side of the Mesopotamia region, meaning places between 2 sacred rivers(Euphrates-Tigris). It is one of the 3 important crossing points on the Euphrates river in ancient times.(samosata-zeugma-tomisa)again in ancient times, it occupied an important position among the regions of Cappadocia, orontes, Armenia, persian and Syria.Zeugma ancient city was an important city and trade base of the Seleucids, Romans and Commagene Kingdom.the historical city of Zeugma was the customs point of the Silk Road.historical sources say that Alexander the Great used the bridge that was built in the city of zeugma when he went on an Eastern expedition. archaeological excavations in the ancient city of zeugma lead to the first settlement of the city back to the early Bronze Age.(Belkıs Hill).the most important periods of the city are between 300 BC and 251AD. 3 great kingdoms founded by their commanders after the death of Alexander the Great take place in history.(Seleucid -Ptolemaic-Antigonid ).the Seleucid nikator, who gave this name to the ancient city of seleucia, was the founding emperor of the Seleucids.in 300 BC, he founded the city of Seleucia in his name on the western side of the Euphrates at the skirt of the Belkis Hill, the city of Apameia, which he named after his wife on the eastern side of the Euphrates. In 64 BC, when the Romans conquered the ancient city, they named the cities of Selevkia and Apamie in ancient Greek the name of bridge and crossing The zeugma. Some sources say that the population of this place was around 100,000, with 2 legions settling here during the Roman period. The presence of 2 legions here in the Roman period has been revealed in archaeological excavations. Legio X Fretensis and Legio IIII Scythica legions settled here. The mosaics that decorate the rooms of villas built by Roman generals, high-level bureaucrats and wealthy people are exhibited in the Zeugma Mosaic Museum, which is one of the few mosaic museums in the world today. Roman conquered Zeugma, for about 33 years(BC 64-31), it gave control to Commagene, an ancient small kingdom whose capital was samosata. zeugma becomes one of the important cities of the kingdom of Commagene. In ancient times, the kingdom of commagene served as a buffer between east and west ,romans and Parthian. the stelae of King antiochus's handshake with the gods Heracles and Apollo found in the Museum of zeugma are the greatest evidence of this. The zeugma witnessed one of the most crushing defeats in Roman history and between the Roman and Parthian Empires. (The Battle of Carrhae BC 53) Crassus, the richest commander of the Roman empire and one of the members of the First Triumvirate of the Roman empire (Marcus Licinius Crassus, Pompeius Magnus, Julius Caesar) in 55 BC, he set out with his troops to capture the region of Mesopotamia .when he arrived at the Bank of zeugma ,the soldiers crossed the Euphrates river because of the storm, rain and the heavy flowing river, the soldiers were very tired and had losses. general crassus continued eastward with her tired and exhausted soldiers. Party soldiers, one third of them in number, inflicted great losses on Rome with their knowledge of geography and various war tricks. The richest General of Rome was killed by melting gold in his throat at the end of the war. the existence of the city of zeugma ends completely when it was captured by the Sassanid king, Shapur I, in 256 AD. Ancient city never go back to his good old days, zeugma. before the birecik dam (2000), built on the Euphrates river, was completed, the whole world mobilized, and the wonderful mosaics and archaeological artifacts in the ancient city of zeugma were saved.today it is exhibited in Zeugma Museum in gaziantep province.it can be seen in the Belkis zeugma open-air museum as part of the ancient city of zeugma, which was established around Belkis Hill(blank of Euphrates).
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Undergoing Restoration. Closed to the public till the restoration is complete.
Imposing location, dominates the region. The old city crowds it's feet on one side of the bluff and is quite quaint in parts. Is a one way road(barely) and obviously very steep and all stone, great ambience.
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