Bahia (locally [baˈi.ɐ]) is one of the 26 states of Brazil and is located in the northeastern part of the country on the Atlantic coast. It is the 4th-largest Brazilian state by population (after São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro) and the 5th-largest by area. Bahia's capital is the city of Salvador (formerly known as "Cidade do São Salvador da Bahia de Todos os Santos", lit. "City of Holy Saviour of All Saints Bay"), located on a spit of land separating the Bay of All Saints from the Atlantic. Once a monarchial stronghold dominated by agricultural, slaving, and ranching interests, Bahia is now a major manufacturing center whose last three elections have been dominated by the Workers' Party.
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This famous church dominates Pelourinho Square with its unmistakable blue façade.
Not far from the Largo do Pelourinho is one of the most interesting churches of Salvador - in its full Portuguese name: Igreja da Ordem Terceira de Nossa Senhora do Rosario dos Pretos. It was built over a long period, starting in the 17th century, by a brotherhood of slaves and freedmen of African descent, who did all the work themselves in their free hours. The church is attractive from its exterior, with its two towers by the facade and all painted in blue, as well as from the interior, with pleasantly much less gold than one sees in the other churches of the town. By the entrance are information boards, also in English, about the phenomenon of the black brotherhood, the 'Irmandade de Nossa Senhora do Rosario dos Homens Pretos'.
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